What is the role of ribosomes?

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Multiple Choice

What is the role of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. They translate the genetic code carried by messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids, assembling them into polypeptide chains that fold into functional proteins. This process uses transfer RNA to bring the correct amino acids and employs the ribosome’s peptidyl transferase activity to form peptide bonds between amino acids as the chain grows. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes can float freely in the cytosol or be attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, reflecting the destination of the proteins they produce (cytosolic vs. secreted or membrane-bound). Ribosomes do not copy DNA or synthesize RNA; DNA replication is driven by DNA polymerases and RNA transcription by RNA polymerase. They also aren’t enzymes for lipid metabolism, which happens in other organelles and pathways.

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. They translate the genetic code carried by messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids, assembling them into polypeptide chains that fold into functional proteins. This process uses transfer RNA to bring the correct amino acids and employs the ribosome’s peptidyl transferase activity to form peptide bonds between amino acids as the chain grows. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes can float freely in the cytosol or be attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, reflecting the destination of the proteins they produce (cytosolic vs. secreted or membrane-bound). Ribosomes do not copy DNA or synthesize RNA; DNA replication is driven by DNA polymerases and RNA transcription by RNA polymerase. They also aren’t enzymes for lipid metabolism, which happens in other organelles and pathways.

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